Due to their ability to provide high data rates for multimedia applications, multi-carrier modulation techniques have gained a strong interest for wide area, local area, and personal area networks over the last decade. A special case of multi-carrier modulation is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) that can overcome many problems that arise with high bit rate communication, the biggest of which is the time dispersion. OFDM has found applications in many wireless technologies including digital audio and video broadcasting in Europe, high-speed wireless local area networks (WLANs) standards in Europe (Hyperlan2) and USA (IEEE 802.11a/g/n). Recently, it has been applied to wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs) for fixed and mobile wireless access (e.g. 802.16- 2004 for fixed and 802.16-2005 for mobile WiMAX), fourth generation cellular wireless with Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, wireless personal area networks (WPANs) through multiband Ultra WideBand, and wireless regional area networks (WRANs) through cognitive radio (IEEE 802.22). Nowadays, during the development of 5G, flexible OFDM concepts are being discussed along with other possible waveforms. Beyond 5G technologies (like 6G) will require major upgrades for waveform to accommodate wide variety of services with various user and channel conditions. Therefore, understanding waveforms (especially OFDM-and-beyond) and the related technologies is very important for those students who seek for a career in the communications field, especially in wireless communications. This course will cover the details of various waveforms including OFDM and OFDM based technologies.
Course Content
This course contains; .
Dersin Öğrenme Kazanımları
Teaching Methods
Assessment Methods
Background and preparation
- Review of wireless channel (mainly small scale and multipath aspects)
- What is waveform and multiple accessing
- The relation between waveform, frame, and multiple accessing
- Waveform and multiple accessing history (2G, 3G, 4G waveforms, trends, relation of waveform with application, relation of waveform with bandwidth, relation of waveform with channel, etc)
- Orthogonal and non-orthogonal concepts (orthogonality in waveform and multiple accessing)
- Relation of non-orthogonality with interference
- Interference classification (own interference, other users’ interference). Study of non-orthogonality from own and other user interference perspective
- Ways of handling own interference
- Ways of handling other user interference
- Future trends in waveform and multiple accessing designs (old rules versus new rules and future predictions)
Multicarrier versus single carrier waveforms
Equalization Concept
- Time domain equalization
- Frequency domain equalization
Introduction to OFDM and Multi-Carrier Modulation
- Impact of CP and guard interval
- Pulse shaping
- ICI and ISI handling
- Advantages of OFDM
- Applications of OFDM
- Coding and Interleaving in OFDM
- Channel estimation and equalization in OFDM
- Pilot and preamble designs in OFDM
- Multi-user diversity and channel based scheduling in OFDM
- Adaptive modulation in OFDM
OFDM problems
- PAPR
- Sidelobes and out of band radiation
- Loss of orthogonality and ICI (phase noise, frequency offset, Doppler spread)
- Ranging and synchronization requirement in OFDM
- Impact of asynchronous transmission in OFDM
- Impairments
Adaptive, Flexible, Cognitive OFDM
- Scalable OFDM, fractional bandwidth utilization in OFDM
- CP and carrier spacing adaptation
- Adaptive modulation
- Adaptive power
- Other adaptive features of OFDM
OFDM sidelobes and sidelobe reduction techniques (Spectral shaping in OFDM)
- Inherent rectangular pulse shaping in OFDM
- Filtered OFDM
- Windowed OFDM
Scheduling in OFDMA
OFDM standards and design parameters
Optimal OFDM system design for a given set of requirements
OFDM performance measurement techniques (testing and measurement of OFDM signals)
Other Important Waveforms
- SC-FDE
- SC-FDMA
- DFT-s-OFDM
- Unique word OFDM
- UW DFT-s-OFDM
- Zero tail OFDM
- Zero tail DFT-s-OFDM
Numerology and OFDM (OFDM variants from OFDM baseline)
Coexistence of OFDM variants in the same frame
Future concepts in Waveform:
- mm-Wave waveform design (SC versus MC in mm-wave)
- Hybrid waveforms
- Flexible waveforms
- Non-orthogonal waveform design
- Differential modulation (non-coherent modulation) in OFDM (minimal pilot OFDM design)
- PHY security in OFDM (secure OFDM design)
- Other secure waveforms and comparison with OFDM
Simulation of OFDM and some other common waveforms in MATLAB. Performance analysis tools, measurement techniques, performance metrics and their measurements, etc.
Other things to discuss:
- Relation of waveform with channel. Mapping from channel to waveform parameters.
- Relation of waveform with application and application requirements. Mapping from application to requirements to waveform characteristics.
- Relation of waveform with multiple accessing
- Relation of waveform with dynamic spectrum access and fractional frequency utilization and white space utilization
- Relation of waveform with spectrum sensing. Resolution, width of band to sense, sensing while communicating, sensing under…
- Relation of waveform with PHY and MAC security (secure waveform characteristics and requirements)
Teaching Methods:
Assessment Methods:
Course Outline
Order
Subjects
Preliminary Work
0
Resources
Lecture Notes
Course Contribution to Program Qualifications
Course Contribution to Program Qualifications
No
Program Qualification
Contribution Level
1
2
3
4
5
1
Develop and deepen the current and advanced knowledge in the field with original thought and/or research and come up with innovative definitions based on Master's degree qualifications.
2
Conceive the interdisciplinary interaction which the field is related with ; come up with original solutions by using knowledge requiring proficiency on analysis, synthesis and assessment of new and complex ideas.
3
Evaluate and use new information within the field in a systematic approach and gain advanced level skills in the use of research methods in the field.
4
Develop an innovative knowledge, method, design and/or practice or adapt an already known knowledge, method, design and/or practice to another field.
5
Broaden the borders of the knowledge in the field by producing or interpreting an original work or publishing at least one scientific paper in the field in national and/or international refereed journals.
6
Contribute to the transition of the community to an information society and its sustainability process by introducing scientific, technological, social or cultural improvements.
7
Independently perceive, design, apply, finalize and conduct a novel research process.
8
Ability to communicate and discuss orally, in written and visually with peers by using a foreign language at least at a level of European Language Portfolio C1 General Level.
9
Critical analysis, synthesis and evaluation of new and complex ideas in the field.
10
Recognizes the scientific, technological, social or cultural improvements of the field and contribute to the solution finding process regarding social, scientific, cultural and ethical problems in the field and support the development of these values.
Assessment Methods
Contribution Level
Absolute Evaluation
Rate of Midterm Exam to Success
50
Rate of Final Exam to Success
50
Total
100
ECTS / Workload Table
Activities
Number of
Duration(Hour)
Total Workload(Hour)
Course Hours
14
3
42
Guided Problem Solving
10
6
60
Resolution of Homework Problems and Submission as a Report
0
0
0
Term Project
0
0
0
Presentation of Project / Seminar
0
0
0
Quiz
0
0
0
Midterm Exam
0
0
0
General Exam
0
0
0
Performance Task, Maintenance Plan
0
0
0
Total Workload(Hour)
102
Dersin AKTS Kredisi = Toplam İş Yükü (Saat)/30*=(102/30)
3
ECTS of the course: 30 hours of work is counted as 1 ECTS credit.
Detail Informations of the Course
Course Description
Course
Code
Semester
T+P (Hour)
Credit
ECTS
OFDM and BEYOND for WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
-
Fall Semester
3+0
3
8
Course Program
Prerequisites Courses
Recommended Elective Courses
Language of Course
English
Course Level
Second Cycle (Master's Degree)
Course Type
Elective
Course Coordinator
Prof.Dr. Hüseyin ARSLAN
Name of Lecturer(s)
Prof.Dr. Hüseyin ARSLAN
Assistant(s)
Aim
Due to their ability to provide high data rates for multimedia applications, multi-carrier modulation techniques have gained a strong interest for wide area, local area, and personal area networks over the last decade. A special case of multi-carrier modulation is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) that can overcome many problems that arise with high bit rate communication, the biggest of which is the time dispersion. OFDM has found applications in many wireless technologies including digital audio and video broadcasting in Europe, high-speed wireless local area networks (WLANs) standards in Europe (Hyperlan2) and USA (IEEE 802.11a/g/n). Recently, it has been applied to wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs) for fixed and mobile wireless access (e.g. 802.16- 2004 for fixed and 802.16-2005 for mobile WiMAX), fourth generation cellular wireless with Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, wireless personal area networks (WPANs) through multiband Ultra WideBand, and wireless regional area networks (WRANs) through cognitive radio (IEEE 802.22). Nowadays, during the development of 5G, flexible OFDM concepts are being discussed along with other possible waveforms. Beyond 5G technologies (like 6G) will require major upgrades for waveform to accommodate wide variety of services with various user and channel conditions. Therefore, understanding waveforms (especially OFDM-and-beyond) and the related technologies is very important for those students who seek for a career in the communications field, especially in wireless communications. This course will cover the details of various waveforms including OFDM and OFDM based technologies.
Course Content
This course contains; .
Dersin Öğrenme Kazanımları
Teaching Methods
Assessment Methods
Background and preparation
- Review of wireless channel (mainly small scale and multipath aspects)
- What is waveform and multiple accessing
- The relation between waveform, frame, and multiple accessing
- Waveform and multiple accessing history (2G, 3G, 4G waveforms, trends, relation of waveform with application, relation of waveform with bandwidth, relation of waveform with channel, etc)
- Orthogonal and non-orthogonal concepts (orthogonality in waveform and multiple accessing)
- Relation of non-orthogonality with interference
- Interference classification (own interference, other users’ interference). Study of non-orthogonality from own and other user interference perspective
- Ways of handling own interference
- Ways of handling other user interference
- Future trends in waveform and multiple accessing designs (old rules versus new rules and future predictions)
Multicarrier versus single carrier waveforms
Equalization Concept
- Time domain equalization
- Frequency domain equalization
Introduction to OFDM and Multi-Carrier Modulation
- Impact of CP and guard interval
- Pulse shaping
- ICI and ISI handling
- Advantages of OFDM
- Applications of OFDM
- Coding and Interleaving in OFDM
- Channel estimation and equalization in OFDM
- Pilot and preamble designs in OFDM
- Multi-user diversity and channel based scheduling in OFDM
- Adaptive modulation in OFDM
OFDM problems
- PAPR
- Sidelobes and out of band radiation
- Loss of orthogonality and ICI (phase noise, frequency offset, Doppler spread)
- Ranging and synchronization requirement in OFDM
- Impact of asynchronous transmission in OFDM
- Impairments
Adaptive, Flexible, Cognitive OFDM
- Scalable OFDM, fractional bandwidth utilization in OFDM
- CP and carrier spacing adaptation
- Adaptive modulation
- Adaptive power
- Other adaptive features of OFDM
OFDM sidelobes and sidelobe reduction techniques (Spectral shaping in OFDM)
- Inherent rectangular pulse shaping in OFDM
- Filtered OFDM
- Windowed OFDM
Scheduling in OFDMA
OFDM standards and design parameters
Optimal OFDM system design for a given set of requirements
OFDM performance measurement techniques (testing and measurement of OFDM signals)
Other Important Waveforms
- SC-FDE
- SC-FDMA
- DFT-s-OFDM
- Unique word OFDM
- UW DFT-s-OFDM
- Zero tail OFDM
- Zero tail DFT-s-OFDM
Numerology and OFDM (OFDM variants from OFDM baseline)
Coexistence of OFDM variants in the same frame
Future concepts in Waveform:
- mm-Wave waveform design (SC versus MC in mm-wave)
- Hybrid waveforms
- Flexible waveforms
- Non-orthogonal waveform design
- Differential modulation (non-coherent modulation) in OFDM (minimal pilot OFDM design)
- PHY security in OFDM (secure OFDM design)
- Other secure waveforms and comparison with OFDM
Simulation of OFDM and some other common waveforms in MATLAB. Performance analysis tools, measurement techniques, performance metrics and their measurements, etc.
Other things to discuss:
- Relation of waveform with channel. Mapping from channel to waveform parameters.
- Relation of waveform with application and application requirements. Mapping from application to requirements to waveform characteristics.
- Relation of waveform with multiple accessing
- Relation of waveform with dynamic spectrum access and fractional frequency utilization and white space utilization
- Relation of waveform with spectrum sensing. Resolution, width of band to sense, sensing while communicating, sensing under…
- Relation of waveform with PHY and MAC security (secure waveform characteristics and requirements)
Teaching Methods:
Assessment Methods:
Course Outline
Order
Subjects
Preliminary Work
0
Resources
Lecture Notes
Course Contribution to Program Qualifications
Course Contribution to Program Qualifications
No
Program Qualification
Contribution Level
1
2
3
4
5
1
Develop and deepen the current and advanced knowledge in the field with original thought and/or research and come up with innovative definitions based on Master's degree qualifications.
2
Conceive the interdisciplinary interaction which the field is related with ; come up with original solutions by using knowledge requiring proficiency on analysis, synthesis and assessment of new and complex ideas.
3
Evaluate and use new information within the field in a systematic approach and gain advanced level skills in the use of research methods in the field.
4
Develop an innovative knowledge, method, design and/or practice or adapt an already known knowledge, method, design and/or practice to another field.
5
Broaden the borders of the knowledge in the field by producing or interpreting an original work or publishing at least one scientific paper in the field in national and/or international refereed journals.
6
Contribute to the transition of the community to an information society and its sustainability process by introducing scientific, technological, social or cultural improvements.
7
Independently perceive, design, apply, finalize and conduct a novel research process.
8
Ability to communicate and discuss orally, in written and visually with peers by using a foreign language at least at a level of European Language Portfolio C1 General Level.
9
Critical analysis, synthesis and evaluation of new and complex ideas in the field.
10
Recognizes the scientific, technological, social or cultural improvements of the field and contribute to the solution finding process regarding social, scientific, cultural and ethical problems in the field and support the development of these values.
